A guerrilla hostage release in Colombia. Upcoming battles over the foreign aid budget in Washington. Visits to the region from the Secretary of the Treasury and State's top counter-drug official.
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A visit from Colombia's defense minister. Cutbacks to control of arms smuggled into Mexico. Brazil's president visits Argentina, but America's president doesn't.
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Upon Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's January 24-25 visit to Mexico, Adam talks to WOLA's Maureen Meyer about U.S. assistance, human rights, Mexico's struggle against drug-fueled violence, and the long leadup to the country's 2012 elections.
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Adam talks about "Baby Doc's" unfortunate return to Haiti, the use of a Pinochet-era statute to put down protests in Chile, and emerging armed groups and free-trade ratification prospects in Colombia.
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Though cocaine is illegal, some South American indigenous groups have chewed coca leaves for centuries. This traditional use violates the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. Bolivia is trying to amend this international convention, but the United States is blocking its efforts. Adam talks with WOLA's Coletta Youngers about what is happening.
Incidentally, the website of the U.S. Embassy in La Paz no longer recommends coca tea as an altitude-sickness remedy, as Adam mentions in the podcast. The page where this recommendation appeared can still be viewed at the Internet Archive.
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Greetings from Santa Cruz, Bolivia, where the Ninth bi-annual Conference of Ministers of Defense of the Americas has just ended. It was four days of discussions and meetings between defense delegations from every country in the region except Cuba and Honduras, the two countries currently suspended from the Organization of American States.
The main issues discussed were
Ways to increase transparency over defense expenditures in a region where defense budgets and arms purchases have been growing; and
Ways to improve coordination in the responses to natural disasters.
Ministers could not agree on proposals to establish new mechanisms for either transparency or disaster response. However, the final declaration praises efforts that member countries have taken in both areas, and commits the members to study how to make both work better.
A common theme in many of the discussions was the military’s involvement in internal roles like crimefighting, counter-drugs, and development projects. Some countries, especially in the Southern Cone (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay), came out in favor of a strict division between external defense and internal security, with the military restricted to the former. Others, especially in the Andes and Central America, both left and right, favored giving the military large internal roles and duties.
Adam Isacson from WOLA offers a few observations in a podcast.
Here is the final document from the conference (PDF), issued this afternoon in English (crudely “scanned” with a digital camera; a true digital version isn’t yet available).
Here is the document published by eight non-governmental and academic organizations from the region who attended the summit as observers (PDF in English and Spanish).
Here is the text of Defense Secretary Robert Gates' speech at the conference.
Here are a few pictures from the event, taken with Adam's point-and-shoot camera.
Defense ministers of the Americas line up for a photo
Bolivian President Evo Morales
Colombian Defense Minister Rodrigo Rivera; U.S. Southern Command Commander Gen. Douglas Fraser, Assistant Secretary of Defense Paul Stockton, Ecuadorian Defense Minister Javier Ponce, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates
Costa Rican Vice-Minister of Security Mario Zamora, Chilean Defense Minister Jaime Ravinet, Brazilian Defense Minister Nelson Jobin
Adam gives a quick overview of the lame-duck Congress, the Costa Rica - Nicaragua border dispute, an upcoming defense ministers' meeting in Bolivia, and public events in Washington this week.
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WOLA's new report will be released later this week and available here.
U.S. law prohibits using soldiers as police, but U.S. aid programs encourage Latin American militaries to take on internal roles. At home, notes Preach What You Practice, a report the Washington Office on Latin America will launch later this week, "the United States has a clear separation between the uses of its military and the uses of its law enforcement agencies." In Latin America, though, our policies "often do just the opposite: encourage Latin American governments to use their militaries against their own people." WOLA's Regional Security Policy Program staff discuss this paradox and the new report's recommendations.
Preach What You Practice will be released this week and will be available on the WOLA and "Just the Facts" websites.
Subscribe to the "Just the Facts" podcast here and on iTunes. Thank you for listening.
In what we hope will be a regular weekly feature - as regular as we can make it - Adam looks at the likely new House leadership here in Washington, and the ongoing thaw in relations between Colombia and Venezuela.
Subscribe to the "Just the Facts" podcast here and on iTunes. Thank you for listening.
Belize, Guatemala, Honduras -
Pages: Southern Partnership Station 13 Mission Concludes Air Force Master Sgt. Chris Stagner, SOUTHCOM
Bolivia -
NAS se va del pais; en el MAS lo minimizan, El Deber (Bolivia)
Brazil -
Brazil's Rousseff one of the main speakers at the African Union 50 year celebration, MercoPress
Caribbean -
Pages: Tradewinds 2013, SOUTHCOM
Central America, El Salvador -
El Salvador invierte mas en seguridad y justicia
, El Banco Mundial
Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru -
Latin America's free trade bloc lifts tariffs, eyes Asian markets Eduardo Garcia, Reuters
Ecuador -
South America re-election rash: Ecuador's Correa takes office for the third consecutive time, MercoPress
Guatemala -
Rios Montt genocide case stirs Guatemala tensions, BBC (UK)
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Was there genocide in Guatemala? Will Grant, BBC (UK)
Mexico -
Mexico drug war, rebooted Dudley Althaus, Global Post
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Drug cartel boss pleads guilty to murder in U.S. agent's death Ricardo A. Serrano, Los Angeles Times
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Testimony of John F. Feely Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs: "U.S.-Mexico Security Cooperation: An Overview of the Merida Initiative 2008-Present" John F. Feeley, U.S. House Of Representatives
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Testimony - Steven Dudley, Director
InSight Crime:“US-Mexico Security Cooperation: An Overview of the Merida Initiative 2008- Present” Steven Dudley, U.S. House Of Representatives
Venezuela -
Presidente Maduro ordena la creacion de la Milicia Obrera Bolivariana, Sistema Bolivariano De Comunicacion E Informacion
Bolivia, Brazil -
Brazil, Bolivia focus on border Neiza Oliveira, InfoSurHoy.com
Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru -
'Gang of four' aims to shake up Latam trade Gideon Long, BBC (UK)
Colombia -
10 Colombian Soldiers Killed in Rebel Ambush -Army, The Wall Street Journal
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Cinco dias definitivos para el proceso de paz Marisol Gomez Giraldo, El Tiempo (Colombia)
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Relato de militar que sobrevivio a ataque de Eln en Norte de Santander, El Tiempo (Colombia)
Costa Rica -
La colonizacion de los mexicanos
Pablo Ferri, Jose Luis Pardo, El Universal (Mexico)
Guatemala -
Justice Interrupted in Guatemala The Editorial Board, The New York Times
Mexico -
Mexico Cartel Dominates, Torches Western State Mark Stevenson, ABC News
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Imponen autodefensas al Ejercito trueque de detenidos Laura Castellanos, Alberto Torres Enviados, El Universal (Mexico)
Venezuela -
Maduro dice auditoria de elecciones demuestra que obtuvo 'victoria heroica', El Nuevo Herald
Western Hemisphere Regional -
Spending Cuts Devastate Cocaine Interdiction, Admiral Says Jim Garamone, American Forces Press Service, U.S. Southern Command
Bolivia -
FFAA tienen a su primera generala
, El Deber (Bolivia)
Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru -
Santos fija el objetivo de la Cumbre Alianza Pacifico en bienestar de pueblos, EFE, Univision Noticias
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Santos fija el objetivo de la Cumbre Alianza Pacifico en bienestar de pueblos, Univision Noticias
Colombia -
A FARC rebel in Colombia explains why he wanted out
Chris Kraul, Los Angeles Times
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Sobre la paz y el gasto militar , El Espectador
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La participacion politica de los ex miembros de las FARC: un camino espinoso, pero viable, Razon Publica
Cuba -
US envoy in Cuba engages critics on and offline
Peter Orsi, Associated Press
Guatemala -
El juicio que debera regresar en el tiempo
, Plaza Publica
Mexico -
Soldiers re-occupy Mexico's Hot Land
Nick Miroff, Washington Post
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Mexico Expresa Su Reconocimiento al Voto Mayoritario y Bipartidista en el Comite de Asuntos Legales del Senado de Estados Unidos con el Que Avanza la Iniciativa de Reforma Migratoria S 744, Embajada De Mexico En Estados Unidos
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Abaten a 'El Cuervo', lider zeta en Nuevo Leon, Proceso (Mexico)