U.S. Aid from Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program, Entire Region, 2006-2011
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| Country | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | Country Total |
| Mexico | 409,645 | 409,645 | 409,645 | 409,645 | 409,645 | 2,048,225 |
| Peru | 314,352 | 314,352 | 314,352 | 314,352 | 314,352 | 1,571,760 |
| Brazil | 311,317 | 311,317 | 311,317 | 311,317 | 311,317 | 1,556,585 |
| Uruguay | 228,483 | 228,483 | 228,483 | 228,483 | 228,483 | 1,142,415 |
| Colombia | 222,659 | 222,659 | 222,659 | 222,659 | 222,659 | 1,113,295 |
| Paraguay | 222,632 | 222,632 | 222,632 | 222,632 | 222,632 | 1,113,160 |
| El Salvador | 168,657 | 168,657 | 168,657 | 168,657 | 168,657 | 843,285 |
| Honduras | 157,336 | 157,336 | 157,336 | 157,336 | 157,336 | 786,680 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 111,982 | 111,982 | 111,982 | 111,982 | 111,982 | 559,910 |
| Nicaragua | 100,440 | 100,440 | 100,440 | 100,440 | 100,440 | 502,200 |
| Ecuador | 95,742 | 95,742 | 95,742 | 95,742 | 95,742 | 478,710 |
| Dominican Republic | 80,062 | 80,062 | 80,062 | 80,062 | 80,062 | 400,310 |
| Argentina | 69,410 | 69,410 | 69,410 | 69,410 | 69,410 | 347,050 |
| Chile | 49,251 | 49,251 | 49,251 | 49,251 | 49,251 | 246,255 |
| Guatemala | 47,491 | 47,491 | 47,491 | 47,491 | 47,491 | 237,455 |
| Bolivia | 38,486 | 38,486 | 38,486 | 38,486 | 38,486 | 192,430 |
| Panama | 24,106 | 24,106 | 24,106 | 24,106 | 24,106 | 120,530 |
| Jamaica | 8,523 | 8,523 | 8,523 | 8,523 | 8,523 | 42,615 |
| Bahamas | 7,881 | 7,881 | 7,881 | 7,881 | 7,881 | 39,405 |
| Belize | 7,284 | 7,284 | 7,284 | 7,284 | 7,284 | 36,420 |
| Costa Rica | 3,420 | 3,420 | 3,420 | 3,420 | 3,420 | 17,100 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 3,005 | 3,005 | 3,005 | 3,005 | 3,005 | 15,025 |
| Barbados | 2,695 | 2,695 | 2,695 | 2,695 | 2,695 | 13,475 |
| TOTAL | 2,684,859 | 2,684,859 | 2,684,859 | 2,684,859 | 2,684,859 | 13,424,295 |
All amounts in U.S. dollars. Numbers in italics are estimates, usually based on the closest year for which data are available.
| 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | TOTAL | ||
| TOTAL | 2,684,859 | 2,684,859 | 2,684,859 | 2,684,859 | 2,684,859 | 0 | 13,424,295 |
| Country | 2006 | 2007 | Country Total |
| Mexico | 157 | 52 | 209 |
| Peru | 95 | 62 | 157 |
| Colombia | 100 | 21 | 121 |
| Argentina | 50 | 64 | 114 |
| El Salvador | 68 | 41 | 109 |
| Uruguay | 46 | 45 | 91 |
| Nicaragua | 55 | 32 | 87 |
| Brazil | 37 | 42 | 79 |
| Paraguay | 37 | 34 | 71 |
| Dominican Republic | 35 | 7 | 42 |
| Honduras | 21 | 10 | 31 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 10 | 17 | 27 |
| Ecuador | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| Guyana | 20 | 20 | |
| Dominica | 20 | 20 | |
| Panama | 13 | 6 | 19 |
| Guatemala | 9 | 7 | 16 |
| Chile | 4 | 9 | 13 |
| Bolivia | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| Belize | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| Jamaica | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Barbados | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Costa Rica | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| St. Kitts and Nevis | 3 | 3 | |
| St. Lucia | 3 | 3 | |
| Grenada | 3 | 3 | |
| Bahamas | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 2 | 2 | |
| Suriname | 1 | 1 | |
| TOTAL | 767 | 533 | 1,300 |
| Institution | 2006 | 2007 | Total |
| Coast Guard Training Center | 116 | 33 | 149 |
| Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation | 14 | 69 | 83 |
| Inter-American Air Forces Academy | 64 | 3 | 67 |
| Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies | 13 | 40 | 53 |
| Inter-American Air Forces Academy | 37 | 37 | |
| Security Assistance Training Field Activity | 30 | 30 | |
| George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies | 26 | 26 | |
| Naval Post-Graduate School | 21 | 21 | |
| Defense Language Institute English Language Center | 5 | 14 | 19 |
| National Defense University | 17 | 1 | 18 |
| Naval Small Craft Instruction and Technical Training School | 15 | 15 | |
| Army Command and General Staff College | 5 | 8 | 13 |
| Army Intelligence Center and School | 5 | 8 | 13 |
| Center for Civl-Military Relations | 9 | 9 | |
| Asia-Pacific Center | 7 | 7 | |
| Army Sergeants Major Academy | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| Joint Forces Staff College | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| Air Force Air University | 5 | 5 | |
| Army Ranger School | 5 | 5 | |
| Air Force Special Operations School | 5 | 5 | |
| TOTAL | 326 | 303 | 629 |
Official Descriptions of Aid from Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program
Document: Posture Statement
Country: Western Hemisphere Regional
U.S. Southern Command participates in the Regional Counter Terrorism Fellowship Program that sponsors seminars, symposiums, and tactical and operational training designed to build the counter-terrorism capability of participating nations. Our training involves information collection and sharing, professional development, port security procedures, quick-reaction force actions, explosive device response, and civil-military responses to terrorism.
Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program:
Program DescriptionIn January 2002, a few months after the September 11 attacks, Congress appropriated $17.9 million in the 2002 Defense Appropriations bill to allow the Pentagon to launch a Regional Defense Counterterrorism Fellowship Program (CTFP). The new program, the law specified, would “fund foreign military officers to attend U.S. military educational institutions and selected regional centers for non-lethal training.” Begun at the urging of the regional military commands, particularly the Pacific Command, the CTFP has become one of the most significant sources of training funds worldwide.
In 2003 the CTFP became a permanent program, when Congress included it in the 2004 National Defense Authorization Act (Public Law 108-136). A new section of the U.S. Code (Title 10, section 2249c) gave the Secretary of Defense the authority to spend up to $20 million each year on the program, using the military’s “defense-wide” operations and maintenance budget. The program is overseen by the office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict (SO/LIC).
While the Western Hemisphere lags behind other regions of the world, the CTFP has nonetheless grown quickly in the region. The program went from training 431 students from four Latin American and Caribbean countries in 2003, to 1,107 students from 22 countries in 2004.[1] This made the CTFP the fourth-largest source of U.S. training funds for Latin American militaries in 2004.
While the rationale for CTFP is anti-terrorist training in the aftermath of 9/11, the program is becoming less distinguishable from International Military Education and Training (IMET), the principal State Department-managed military training program in the annual Foreign Operations bill.
When the CTFP began, the idea was for a largely academic program, somewhat similar to the Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies (CHDS) and other regional defense centers.[2] The program’s curriculum focused on counter-terror doctrine and theory, taught mainly in classrooms, workshops, and seminars. A 2003 Defense Department policy guidance explained, however, that “all non-lethal education and training is to be considered available through the CT fellowship.”[3] This meant that IMET and the CTFP could fund many of the same courses.
In 2004, legislative changes turned the CTFP into a program that resembles IMET even more closely. The 2004 authorization expanded the CTFP to allow lethal training, and permitted it to fund training activities, such as visits from Mobile Education Teams, that carry out training in other countries, outside U.S. defense educational institutions.
Because it is funded through the Defense budget, not the foreign assistance budget, the CTFP is free of most human rights, democracy, drug-certification and other conditions that apply to foreign aid programs.
- [1] United States, Department of Defense, Department of State, Foreign Military Training and DoD Engagement Activities of Interest in Fiscal Years 2004 and 2005: A Report to Congress (Washington: April 2005) <http://www.state.gov/t/pm/rls/rpt/fmtrpt/2005/>.
- [2] “The CTFP complements the five regional centers for security, defense, and strategic studies, helping them achieve their core objectives.” Thomas O’Connell, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict, “Regional Defense Counterterrorism Fellowship Program Interim Guidance Memorandum No.1” (Washington: May 23, 2005) <http://www.disam.dsca.mil/itm/Messages/62-CTFP-1.pdf>.
- [3] United States, Department of Defense, Defense Security Cooperation Agency, Defense Institute for Security Assistance Management, “Implementation Guidance for Regional Defense Counterterrorism Fellowship Program” (Washington: March 2003) <http://www.disam.dsca.mil/itm/Programs/CTF/Implementation.htm>.
Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program:
LawSection 2249c of Title 10, U.S. Code authorizes the Defense Department to use up to $20 million per year of its budget “to pay any costs associated with the attendance of foreign military officers, ministry of defense officials, or security officials at United States military educational institutions, regional centers, conferences, seminars, or other training programs conducted under the Regional Defense Counterterrorism Fellowship Program.”
The law requires the Defense Department to submit a report to Congress by December 1 of each year, detailing:
- Countries that benefited from the CTFP, and the amount paid to each;
- “The training courses attended by the foreign officers and officials, including a specification of which, if any, courses were conducted in foreign countries.”
- An assessment of the CTFP’s effectiveness “in increasing the cooperation of the governments of foreign countries with the United States in the global war on terrorism.”
- “A discussion of any actions being taken to improve the program.”
- Section 8125 of H.R. 3338, the 2002 Defense Appropriations Law (P.L. 107-117).
- Section 8120 of H.R. 2658, the 2004 National Defense Authorization Law (P.L. 108-87).
- Section 2249c of Title 10, U.S. Code, authorizing the CTFP.
Grant Aid Table Sources:
- Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Antigua and Barbuda 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Argentina 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bahamas 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Barbados 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Belize 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bolivia 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Brazil 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Chile 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Colombia 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Costa Rica 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Dominican Republic 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Ecuador 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program El Salvador 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Guatemala 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Honduras 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Jamaica 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Mexico 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Nicaragua 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Panama 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Paraguay 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Peru 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Trinidad and Tobago 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Uruguay 2006; - United States, Department of Defense, Department of State, Foreign Military Training and DoD Engagement Activities of Interest in Fiscal Years 2006 and 2007: A Report to Congress (Washington: August 2007) (Link to source).
- Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Antigua and Barbuda 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Argentina 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bahamas 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Barbados 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Belize 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bolivia 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Brazil 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Chile 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Colombia 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Costa Rica 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Dominican Republic 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Ecuador 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program El Salvador 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Guatemala 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Honduras 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Jamaica 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Mexico 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Nicaragua 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Panama 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Paraguay 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Peru 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Trinidad and Tobago 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Uruguay 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Antigua and Barbuda 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Argentina 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bahamas 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Barbados 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Belize 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bolivia 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Brazil 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Chile 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Colombia 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Costa Rica 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Dominican Republic 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Ecuador 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program El Salvador 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Guatemala 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Honduras 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Jamaica 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Mexico 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Nicaragua 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Panama 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Paraguay 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Peru 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Trinidad and Tobago 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Uruguay 2008; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Antigua and Barbuda 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Argentina 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bahamas 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Barbados 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Belize 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bolivia 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Brazil 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Chile 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Colombia 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Costa Rica 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Dominican Republic 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Ecuador 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program El Salvador 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Guatemala 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Honduras 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Jamaica 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Mexico 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Nicaragua 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Panama 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Paraguay 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Peru 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Trinidad and Tobago 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Uruguay 2009; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Antigua and Barbuda 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Argentina 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bahamas 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Barbados 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Belize 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bolivia 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Brazil 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Chile 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Colombia 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Costa Rica 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Dominican Republic 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Ecuador 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program El Salvador 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Guatemala 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Honduras 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Jamaica 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Mexico 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Nicaragua 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Panama 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Paraguay 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Peru 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Trinidad and Tobago 2010; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Uruguay 2010; - Estimate based on closest available year.
Economic Aid Table Sources:
- Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program ; -
Trainees Table Sources:
- Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Antigua and Barbuda 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Argentina 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bahamas 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Barbados 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Belize 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bolivia 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Brazil 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Chile 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Colombia 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Costa Rica 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Dominican Republic 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Ecuador 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program El Salvador 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Guatemala 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Honduras 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Jamaica 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Mexico 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Nicaragua 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Panama 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Paraguay 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Peru 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Trinidad and Tobago 2006; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Uruguay 2006; - United States, Department of Defense, Department of State, Foreign Military Training and DoD Engagement Activities of Interest in Fiscal Years 2006 and 2007: A Report to Congress (Washington: August 2007) (Link to source).
- Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Antigua and Barbuda 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Argentina 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bahamas 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Barbados 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Belize 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Bolivia 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Brazil 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Chile 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Colombia 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Costa Rica 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Dominica 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Dominican Republic 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Ecuador 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program El Salvador 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Grenada 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Guatemala 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Guyana 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Honduras 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Jamaica 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Mexico 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Nicaragua 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Panama 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Paraguay 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Peru 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program St. Kitts and Nevis 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program St. Lucia 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program St. Vincent and the Grenadines 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Suriname 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Trinidad and Tobago 2007; Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program Uruguay 2007; - United States, Department of Defense, Department of State, Foreign Military Training and DoD Engagement Activities of Interest in Fiscal Years 2007 and 2008 (Washington: January 2008) (Link to source).
Sales Table Sources:
- Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program ; -
Deployments Table Sources:
- Counter-Terrorism Fellowship Program ; -
