All amounts in U.S. dollars. Numbers in italics are estimates, usually based on the closest year for which data are available.

All amounts in U.S. dollars. Numbers in italics are estimates, usually based on the closest year for which data are available.

All amounts in U.S. dollars.

All amounts in U.S. dollars.

Document: Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs Program and Budget Guide, Fiscal Year 2010

Program: International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement

"FY 2010 Program

Support to the Colombia Military

Army Counterdrug Mobile Brigade (COLAR): Assistance to the Colombian Army Counterdrug Mobile Brigade supports both manual and aerial eradication as well as interdiction operations. In FY 2010, the U.S. intends to provide ammunition, communications equipment, training and transport for CD Brigade units. The COLAR CD Brigade directly supports aerial eradication in Colombia by increasing ground security in spray zones, which has greatly reduced ground fire targeting spray aircraft. In 2008, there were 115 ground fire hits against spray aircraft, down from 185 in 2007. The CD Brigade also conducts operations against high-value terrorist targets in the areas to be sprayed and destroys cocaine processing labs, storage facilities, and precursor chemicals.

Army Aviation Support: As part of U.S. and Colombian efforts to transfer greater financial and operational responsibility to local control, progress has been made in training Colombian COLAR mechanics and pilots as well as transferring title to several helicopters in this program. For example, the number of contractors within COLAR aviation has declined by approximately 50 percent, and the number of U.S.-supported helicopters within COLAR aviation has dropped from 76 to 34. A determination regarding the possible transfer of title for the remaining aircraft is being discussed with the Colombian Government.

In FY 2010, funding will provide maintenance and logistics support to COLAR aviation aircraft, continue training Colombian pilots and mechanics and ensure sufficient parts and equipment for the successful operation and nationalization of additional helicopters. COLAR aircraft provide necessary air mobility for the CD Brigade and continue to be the most reliable airlift capability for military units engaged in counternarcotics and counterterrorism operations. COLAR’s responsibilities include aviation support for interdiction, eradication, high-value target and humanitarian operations.

Air Bridge Denial (ABD): The nationalization of the ABD program is moving forward, and a two-year withdrawal of USG maintenance support is expected to be completed by December 2009. Since the program’s inception, ABD has provided the GOC the logistical and technical support to monitor its airspace and interdict unauthorized flights. Because of its success, which has helped reduce suspect narcotic flights over Colombia by more than 90 percent, ABD aircraft are also being used to conduct maritime patrols. USG funding in FY 2010 will be required to successfully complete the nationalization of the ABD program and provide flight safety training.

Navy Maritime Interdiction Support: FY 2010 funds will allow the Colombian Navy and Coast Guard to continue its expansion of operations along Colombia’s Pacific coast. This area is increasingly being used by drug traffickers to ship illegal narcotics to the United States. Assistance will strengthen forward operating bases, enhance radar detection capabilities and provide basic equipment and ammunition to interdiction units. Clandestine coastal interdiction operations along Colombia’s Caribbean coastline will receive limited support in FY 2010 since operations in this theater have already been established.

Support to the Colombian National Police

Aviation Support (ARAVI): This program directly supports the counternarcotics and counterterrorism mission of the Aviation Wing of the Colombian Antinarcotics Police (DIRAN). The USG-supported ARAVI program is one of the most flexible and responsive aviation programs in Colombia, providing transport aircraft, aerial and manual eradication escorts, logistical support and intelligence platforms for interdiction and eradication operations. FY 2010 funds will support a fleet of approximately 47 rotary-wing and 11 fixed-wing ARAVI aircraft. Funding for this program will cover ongoing logistical expenses and the maintenance of aircraft, while also continuing to improve the capabilities of DIRAN in the areas of communications, intelligence and data processing. Other major expenses in addition to the operation and maintenance of the aircraft will be training for Colombia National Police (CNP) mechanics and the purchase of spare parts, tools, contract labor maintenance, and aviation-related infrastructure costs. Additional funds will supply ammunition and armament for these aircraft.

Support for Eradication: Eradication of illicit crops is an important counternarcotics tool. The Colombian-led aerial eradication program will focus on those priority areas where coca growing is prevalent, and where coordination with security and alternative development programs is available. Aerial operations will be closely coordinated with manual eradication by the GOC to deter replanting and ensure that coca in areas that is too dangerous for manual eradication is destroyed. Manual eradication will also cover areas where aerial eradication is not available, such as in locations near the Ecuador/Colombia border and national parks.

Funding in FY 2010 will primarily support the operations and maintenance of the eradication air fleet (12 AT-802 spray planes, 8 UH-1N helicopters, 3 C-27 cargo planes and 2 Cessna 208s), which includes contracting spray pilots, helicopter crews and maintenance personnel. Funds will also go toward the purchase of herbicide used for the spraying of coca, support contract costs, conduct environmental monitoring, purchase equipment for manual eradication, training of AT-802 mechanics and cover operational expenses for spray verification missions.

As with other INL-supported programs, nationalization of eradication operations is underway. Currently, 12 CNP AT-802 technicians have been trained and 30 are in training. A more complete AT-802 technician training program is under development with plans to have a comprehensive CNP AT-802 maintenance program in place by 2011. At that time, 90 technicians will be trained and capable of maintaining the AT-802 fleet. Eight CNP pilots and co-pilots are currently being trained in order to fully nationalize the pilots of the Cessna 208 by mid-2009.

Support for Interdiction: CNP capabilities to seize drugs have increased over the last several years with U.S. support. In FY 2010, the majority of expenditures under this line item will go directly to commodities and training that will continue to enhance the ability of the CNP to interdict illicit drugs before they leave Colombia. Support will upgrade existing DIRAN interdiction facilities and assist in establishing DIRAN in priority areas, particularly in northwest and northeast Colombia. USG assistance in FY 2010 will also continue to support in country and training at U.S. military and commercial institutions for DIRAN’s 20 operational companies and three airmobile interdiction companies (Junglas). Support is also 266 FY 2010 INL Program and Budget Guide provided to DIRAN’s Port Security Program, which interdicts drugs transiting through Colombia’s commercial air and sea ports.

Carabineros

Rural policing is vital to the GOC’s ability to retain control of remote or former conflict areas. Establishing a police presence in these regions helps disrupt the growth and distribution of illegal drugs, combat and capture FARC and other illegal armed groups and create an environment conducive to the return of the displaced and the provision of other social services.

U.S. support in FY 2010 will go towards the seventy 120-man Mobile Carabineros Squadrons that conduct rural patrols, provide protection for manual eradication, road interdiction and other missions. Funding will help equip these squadrons with the tools necessary to conduct policing operations in jungle and remote terrain. Communications equipment, specialized arms and ammunition and vehicles such as trucks and motorcycles will be provided. Funds will also be used to construct, renovate and harden CNP stations in rural areas and provide limited training and essential equipment to police.

Critical Flight Safety Program (CFSP)

CFSP supports both eradication and interdiction missions by helping ensure the safety and flight worthiness of INL-titled aircraft operating in Colombia. In FY 2010, the Colombia CFSP will provide ongoing life cycle fleet management with the induction of the following aircraft for depot maintenance: 4 fixed wing aircraft (2 AT 802s, 1 C-208, and 1 C-27); 5 rotary wing aircraft (1 Huey-II helicopter and 4 UH-60 helicopters); and 5 Huey-II helicopters for wiring upgrades. We will also procure one attrition fixed wing spray aircraft, two attrition helicopters, and three Huey-II engines and continue the Aircraft/Aircrew Safety upgrade program.
"

Document: Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs Program and Budget Guide, Fiscal Year 2010

Program: International Narcotics Control Economic Aid

"FY 2010 Program

Judicial Reforms Program

Training and technical assistance for investigators, judges, prosecutors, and forensic experts will continue to be provided to improve the effectiveness of the new criminal justice system. Training will work to ensure that institutions and officials throughout Colombia are capable of effective investigations, to improve the prosecution and conviction of criminal offenders, particularly criminal and terrorist organizations, and to address public corruption, as well as those involved in serious human rights offenses. To help the Colombian Government continue the investigation and prosecution of human rights cases, training for the Colombian Attorney General's Office will continue.

Other Programs to Promote the Rule of Law

Since 2002, more than 50,000 persons have demobilized either under the GOC's individual or collective demobilization programs. INL assistance is focused on the GOC Ministry of Defense's Individual Deserter Program and provides support for a highly skilled team of Colombian legal, political and communications advisors. U.S. assistance in FY 2010 will also help coordinate a wide-ranging network of data collection activities and communication projects. Information shared by demobilized individuals helps support Colombian security operations as well as provides testimony for cases in both the Colombian and U.S. justice systems.

To increase the GOC's ability to combat the illegal proceeds of drug traffickers and other financial crimes, the U.S. will continue its training and technical assistance to GOC investigative and prosecutorial units, focusing on combating money laundering and other financial crimes. In support of Colombia's 2008 National Plan to Reduce Drug Consumption, the U.S. will provide assistance to help reduce drug consumption in Colombia through education programs. Recently, the Drug Demand Reduction (DDR) office has supported the release of four drug demand prevention commercials, successful roundtables 267 Western Hemisphere for youth and journalists, inclusion of more than 44,000 children in a DDR drawing contest, and other activities. Over the next five years, the DDR office will work on continuing to complement other NAS initiatives in vulnerable areas, integrate existing resources, expand and institutionalize existing programs while ensuring their sustainability by Colombian entities, build coalitions of DDR actors, and educate the children and the public on drug use implications."

Document: Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs Program and Budget Guide, Fiscal Year 2010

Program: International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement

"Program Objectives and Performance Indicators

Disrupt Illicit Drugs

In FY 2010, the United States will maintain support for aggressive interdiction operations that cover land, sea and air routes as well as Government of Colombia-led eradication programs that provide resources for targeted aerial and manual eradication. Maritime interdiction will continue to be expanded along Colombia’s Pacific coastline, and existing interdiction programs covering Colombia’s Caribbean coast will be strengthened. Aerial eradication of illegal drug crops will remain an important tool in a larger counternarcotics strategy, and is needed to reach areas where manual eradication is not possible because of terrain or safety concerns. Eradication will also help counter the replanting of coca, and ensure that cultivation in border areas, national parks and indigenous reserves is addressed.

• Colombia’s capacity to fight against terrorists involved in the drug trade, drug cartels and illegally armed groups is enhanced.
• Potential cocaine and heroin production is reduced and there is a decrease of coca and opium poppy cultivation to a non-commercial level.
• Illegal drugs are interdicted at current high levels.
• Drug producing laboratories are identified and destroyed to prevent the processing of cocaine and heroin, which helps deny funding for drug traffickers and terrorists.
• Government of Colombia (GOC) control in the Pacific coastal zones is increased.
• The GOC's ability to investigate, arrest, prosecute, and convict drug traffickers is enhanced. Drug traffickers are extradited to the United States.

• Ensured sustainability of programs that are nationalized.

Document: Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs Program and Budget Guide, Fiscal Year 2010

Program: International Narcotics Control Economic Aid

"Program Objectives and Performance Indicators

Strengthen Institutions

Enhance police presence and rule of law throughout Colombia and increase access and transparency of the judicial system.

Police presence is strengthened in priority areas.

• Former paramilitary members and terrorists are demobilized and reintegrated into society or prosecuted.


• Additional judges, prosecutors and investigators are trained to operate within the oral accusatory system of justice.


• Improved capability of Colombian Attorney General's Human Rights Unit and Justice and Peace Unit, which includes developing forensic expertise within these units to process mass graves and other sensitive criminal cases.

Document: Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs Program and Budget Guide, Fiscal Year 2010

Program: International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement

"Program Accomplishments

Colombia continues to achieve record interdiction results. In 2008, approximately 224 metric tons of cocaine hydrochloride (HCl) and coca base was seized, which surpasses the 191 metric tons interdicted in 2007. Additionally, sustained actions against coca refining operations resulted in the destruction of 3,238 coca base labs and 301 major cocaine HCl labs in 2008. Colombia's USG-supported eradication programs also produced record totals for a fifth consecutive year. In 2008, more than 229,000 hectares of coca were eradicated by both aerial and manual means (133,496 aerially and 95,732 manually). The sustained eradication 263 Western Hemisphere efforts have not only denied terrorists revenue from the drug trade, but kept illegal narcotics from reaching U.S. streets. Current estimates indicate that eradication has helped lower productivity of coca fields, and from 2001 to 2007, pure cocaine potential production decreased 24 percent from 700 metric tons to 535 metric tons. Colombia also eradicated about 381 hectares of opium poppy in 2008.

While U.S. assistance to the Air Bridge Denial (ABD) program is able to be reduced because of successful nationalization, ABD operations continue to provide the GOC the ability to maintain control of its airspace and reduce the number of illegal flights over Colombia. For example, in 2003, 637 suspected and known illegal flights over Colombia occurred while in 2008, there were only 57. In light of the program's success, ABD aircraft are also being used to conduct maritime patrols. In coordination with maritime interdiction efforts, sixteen vessels were impounded and one scuttled by its crew with the support of ABD aircraft in 2008. The GOC's battle against the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and other drug trafficking and terrorist organizations continues to produce significant results. Several high-level FARC leaders were killed or captured during 2008, including FARC commander Luis Edgar Devia-Silva aka, Raul Reyes, who was killed during a Colombian government operation. The development of the GOC's military capabilities and skills were also evidenced by its rescue of fifteen hostages, including three American contractors in July 2008. Several other notorious former paramilitary leaders and drug traffickers were apprehended or killed in 2008, including former United Self-Defense Special Forces (AUC) commanders and brothers Miguel and Victor Munera. In April 2009, U.S.-trained and equipped Colombian special police (the Junglas) captured Daniel Rendon Herrera, aka “Don Mario”, who was one of Colombia's most wanted drug traffickers. The GOC's cooperation in extraditing drug traffickers and criminals to the United States increased in 2008. During this period, a record 208 individuals were extradited to the U.S., including fifteen former senior AUC leaders...."

Document: PANAMAX: Teamwork against terrorism

Program: Exercises

Fuerzas Aliadas PANAMAX is an annual exercise tailored to the defense of the Panama Canal against transnational threats. PANAMAX 2009 is designed to address a spectrum of possible threats, including terrorist acts against the canal, to ensure a multinational force can respond to any request for support from the Government of Panama while respecting national sovereignty.

Fuerzas Aliadas PANAMAX is an annual exercise tailored to the defense of the Panama Canal against transnational threats. PANAMAX 2009 is designed to address a spectrum of possible threats, including terrorist acts against the canal, to ensure a multinational force can respond to any request for support from the Government of Panama while respecting national sovereignty.

Ultimately Fuerzas Aliadas PANAMAX is about working together and learning from each other in order to promote trust and foster willingness for continued collaboration and teamwork. PANAMAX offers the opportunity to strengthen the ability to operate together which ultimately strengthens security of the hemisphere.

Participants and observers include forces from Argentina, Belize, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, the United States and Uruguay. The ground portion of the exercise is being conducted at Fort Sam Houston and Camp Bullis, both in San Antonio from Sept. 13-21.

Document: 2007 End-Use Monitoring Report

Program: International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement

Procedures

Consultations with counterparts

The NAS held regular working meetings with Government of Colombia (GOC) counterparts to discuss operations and the status of USG provided assets. The three entities which receive the bulk of INL-provided resources are the CNP Antinarcotics Directorate (DIRAN), its aviation wing (ARAVI), and the Colombian Army (COLAR). Among those counterparts were the Colombian National Police (CNP) Anti-Narcotics Division (DIRAN), its aviation component (ARAVI), and the Colombian Army Aviation Unit (COLAR). The NAS obtained selected GOC inventories of USG-provided equipment to compare with NAS records, ensuring donated materials were accounted for properly. During 2007, the EUM coordinator along with the CNP Cooperation International performed joint site visits to 36 EMCAR squadrons around Colombia to check commodities against inventory and purchase documents from NAS and the CNP.

NAS Program Manager Responsibilities

Each NAS Program Manager, in coordination with the NAS EUM, is responsible for the reviews of support provided to the program he/she oversees. The NAS tailors the technology and methods for tracking support to the size and scope of each program, ranging from simple hand receipts to spreadsheets to bar-coding and electronic databases. American Direct Hire (USDH) and American contract (USPSC) personnel are responsible for contributing to the annual report, using the results of site visits and inventory checks. USG-provided equipment managed by contractors is also covered by the EUM process.

NAS Bogota EUM Resources

The NAS Management Section has an EUM Coordinator and EQ Reporting Officers who assists program staff with the EUM program, supported by the NAS Audit Unit. The EUM Coordinator implemented updated monitoring procedures, carried out inventory checks and audits, and oversaw the disposal of surplus and hazardous materials. The EUM coordinator also confirmed and evaluated the methods used to check the inventory at different locations throughout Colombia.

CNP ARAVI

Non-expendable assets provided to CNP ARAVI which require monitoring includes aircraft, vehicles, weapons, computers, construction intrusion detection equipment, and communications equipment. Expendable resources provided to ARAVI, includes fuels, oils, lubricants, and ammunition. The Lockheed-Martin Company (LM) supported aircraft maintenance under a contract with INL.

NAS Aviation Unit

The NAS Aviation Unit (NAU) met its annual EUM requirements, verifying the location and condition of 2,056,274 accountable property items valued at $40,929,923.94. The EUM task included reviewing NAU property book items, DynCorp International (DI) property book, and field visits. Both DynCorp and the NAU have completed their 100% annual inventory. The Department of State INL Property Book Officer visited Colombia in November to verify DynCorp's property management procedures. He did not identify any major discrepancies with the DynCorp or NAU management procedures.

Institutional Contractor Support

NAS has a total of 1,347 personnel including USDH and USPSC staff; American, Colombian, and third country national contract personnel employed under contracts with LM; Contracting, Consulting, Engineering (CCE); Dyncorp (DI); Aeronautical Radio, Inc. (ARINC); and Olgoonik Logistics LLC. These institutional contractors are an integral part of the NAS programs and actively participate in monitoring the use of USG-provided equipment, conducting inventories and preparing status reports on program assets.

NAS Assistance to Other USG Agencies

NAS assistance to the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) for counternarcotics (CN) programs covers support to such GOC agencies such as the Colombian Department of Administrative Security (DAS), Judicial Police Directorate (DIJIN), Antinarcotics Intelligence Unit (ANTIN), Special Investigation, the Colombian Navy (COLNAV) Intelligence Unit, and the Colombian Air Force (COLAF) Intelligence Unit.

Along with the NAS, DEA, Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF); Immigration Customs Enforcement (ICE)Units (SIU), Presidential Security Program (PSP); and the Justice Sector Reform Program (JSRP); all maintain databases of equipment donated to their counterpart agencies. Those databases identify items by brand, model, serial number, location, and condition. All agencies conducted random unscheduled visits to ensure that all USG-funded assets were accounted for and being used for their intended purposes.

Status

Aircraft

The Colombian National Police (CNP) Eradication Program and Colombian Army (COLAR) Aviation Program, both managed by the NAS Aviation Unit (NAU) and supported by a contract with DynCorp, were major recipients of INL-funded support. NAS Bogota and the INL Air Wing (INL/A) conducted regular program reviews to ensure that aircraft were being used for their designated purposes and that the contractor was complying with all contract support requirements. There are currently 188 aircraft for all programs.

While the GOC has operational control of USG-provided aircraft, the USG retains title. The Letter of Agreement (LOA) specifies the authorized use for all aircraft. Any other use, such as disaster relief or humanitarian operations, must be approved by the Embassy. The CNP and COLAR provide regular status reports to the NAS. The NAS conducts random reviews of flight logs for all USG-supported aircraft.

ERADICATION PROGRAM

Helicopters

Fixed wing

10 UH-1N's

Two T-65's

Ten AT-802's

Seven OV-10's

Four C-27's

Two C-208's

COLAR Helicopters

Twenty-two UH-1N

Twenty-one UH-1N II

Five K-1200 Thirteen UH-60L

One Foreign Service program manager, five Personal Services Contract advisors, four locally engaged staff, as well as four additional contract staff working for the embassy and several contractor personnel from Lockheed Martin (LM) and CCE all participated in monitoring ARAVI assets. The NAS held regular meetings with ARAVI and DIRAN administrative operations, and intelligence officials to discuss the status of USG-provided assets.

The NAS compared CNP and other GOC written and computerized data with its own records to assess the proper use of resources. Seven NAS LES voucher examiners analyzed purchase documents for CN items purchased through USG-funded accounts. NAS personnel worked closely with the CNP inventory team. All AVARI equipment and armaments are recorded in the Advanced Maintenance Management System (AMMS) database.

NAS advisers received daily aircraft status reports, engine repair reports, and procurement status updates, focusing particularly on aircraft-on-the ground (AOG) issues. Two NAS locally contracted Colombian fuel advisers monitored purchases, deliveries, and use of NAS-purchased fuel at all bases and airports. The NAS Audit Section completed an audit of fuel records on September 2007.

The USG-supported CNP fleet flew 20,905 hours in CY-2007. The CNP complied with the requirements to seek Embassy authorization when using assets for non-counternarcotics missions, e.g., counter insurgency operations, high value targets, or the evacuation of wounded security services personnel.

The ARAVI aircraft inventory changed during CY-07 for a variety of reasons:

On July 14, a NAS-supported UH-1H II, titled to the USG and operated by the CNP crashed during a maintenance test flight mission and was a complete loss. There was one fatality.

On October 2, a NAS-supported UH-1H II titled to the USG and operated by the CNP crashed during a training mission and was a complete loss. There were no fatalities.

In April, four (4) UH-1H-II helicopters were added to the fleet.

ARAVI Aircraft

Helicopters

Fixed wing

One H530FF

Two DHC6-300's

One H500

One C-99

Three 206B's

Five DC-3's

One 206L

One C-208's

One 206L3's

Two C-26A's

Eleven B212's

Four C-26B's

Seven UH-60L's

Three C-152's

Thirty-three Huey II's

The Air Bridge Denial (ABD) Program-The ABD manages five Citation 560 tracker aircraft loaned to the Colombian Air Force (COLAF), two SR-26 reconnaissance aircraft which were delivered to the COLAF after upgrading of reconnaissance equipment, and one Cessna 182 support aircraft to suppress illicit aerial traffic in narcotics drugs and psychotropic substances over Colombia. Both SR-26s were given by the USG to COLAF in 1998 under the 506 drawdown program. Aircrews are provided by the COLAF. Aircraft maintenance and safety monitors are provided by the USG through a contract with ARINC Engineering Services. Oversight is provided through a program manager at the NAS.

AIR BRIDGE DENIAL

Five Citation 560's

One Cessna 182

Two C-26's

Aviation Fuel

NAS program funds provided jet fuel, aviation gasoline, and methanol (fuel additive for C-26 aircraft) for all NAS-supported aircraft. During 2007, the CNP fuel office delivered fuel to over 30 eradication and interdiction missions totaling approximately 6,304 flight hours throughout Colombia. The NAS supplied 2,997,041 gallons of A1 jet fuel, aviation gasoline, and methanol to the aircraft programs valued at $9,039,166. as of October 31, 2007.

The NAS also supplied 44,319 gallons of regular gasoline and 10,017 gallons of diesel fuel to CNP vehicles with a total value of $147,155.00.

The NAS installed fuel recuperation tanks at three semi-fixed sites. Four additional portable fuel recuperation tanks have been locally fabricated for deployed sites for recycling drained fuel. Recycling drained fuel should result in annual savings of $34,000. Waste fuel and oil is very difficult to dispose of locally. Local fuel companies do not always adhere to environmental laws for disposal. Environmentally safe fuel burners have been installed at five fixed sites to burn accumulated waste fuel and oils.

The NAS provided equipment to the CNP to establish an in-house capacity for a fuel equipment calibration program. The testing laboratory and staff training should was completed in August 2007.

Construction

The NAS construction unit was staffed in 2007 by three architects and one civil engineer. The unit manages all phases of NAS-funded construction projects including contract administration and advice to GOC on projects requirements and maintenance issues. Under the EUM program, NAS construction unit staff conducted site visits to ensure that U.S. funded facilities were being used for their intended purposes.

The CY-2007 construction program is vastly reduced in scope compared to the Plan Colombia peak between CY-2002 and CY-2005. The NAS nonetheless conducted an active program of 22 small projects throughout Colombia valued at $3,660.065.

In 2007, the NAS supported construction of the Plan Colombian Helicopter Program (PCHP) at the COLAR base in Tolemaida including heliports, containers, soil studies, repair shops for UH-60 helicopters, waiting room for C-27 passengers, and fuel tanks, as well as classrooms, offices and sanitary rooms at the Air Force Base at Melgar.

For the CNP/Interdiction and Eradication program at the CNP bases in Apartado, Santa Marta, Tres Esquinas, Tumaco, Tulua, and Bogota including communication rooms and towers, there were security improvements, contention areas, furniture, runway improvements and repairs, maintenance and repair of communication towers, and an emergency generator.

The Carabineros program provided support at the Carabineros base at Pijaos and at Bogota, including soil samples and construction for an underground water well, upgrades of the NVG laboratory, bathrooms, and for the Carabineros bases at Guateque, La Uribe, and Piamonte police base construction (barracks, office, diner, and guarding post).

At the Forward Operating Base (FOB) in Larandia, security improvements included an upgraded weaponry bunker and repairs of the runway.

In the remote Vichada department in Cumaribo, the NAS completed runway repairs and barracks/quarters upgrades to ensure safe and sanitary conditions for eradication missions during CY-2007.

In Bogota, the Presidential Security Program installed a closed circuit camera system at El Palacio de Nario.

Vehicles

INL provides funds for vehicles which the NAS in turn distributes to a variety of NAS and Department of Justice (DOJ) programs which manage counternarcotics support to host country agencies. In CY-2007, the vehicles went to host country agencies as follows: four (4) to NAU COLAR and Eradication, fifteen (15) to Overseas Prosecutorial Development Assistance and Training (OPDAT), ten (10) to NAS CNP OPS, and one hundred twenty (120) to NAS CNP Interdiction. All 154 vehicles added in CY-2007 are in good condition.

Type

QTY

Minivans

1

Vans

16

Tractor

3

Automobiles

61

Trucks

99

Taxis

7

Armored SUVs Level 3

5

Armored SUV's Level 5

20

Pickup Trucks

153

Golf Cart

1

Motorcycles

267

Watercraft

5

SUVs

26

Gators

5

Total

669

In CY-2007, the NAS provided 182 CNP DIRAN vehicles with fuel and routine maintenance. The vehicles are dispersed throughout Colombia and used in CNP counternarcotics operations including activities such as transporting officials and operational personnel to interdiction and eradication sites; transferring program materials; performing surveillance; pursuing arrests; and detailing members of narcoterrorist and illegally armed groups.

NAS oversight of the CNP vehicles and fuels program is direct and extensive. An automotive engineer who serves as a Vehicle Maintenance Adviser monitors vehicle use and vehicle location, and operates a database that documents maintenance, performance and fuel consumption. The advisor also provides CNP personnel with basic training in safety, maintenance, recordkeeping and establishes in-house CNP vehicle support capability since the support for these vehicles came to an end December 31, 2007.

Type

QTY

Ambulance

2

Automobile

8

Pickups

68

SUVs

18

Light truck

26

Vans

10

Bus

6

4x4

6

Fork lift

2

Motorcycle

29

Tank truck

6

Total

82

The NAS manages a motor pool and provides oversight for all vehicles assigned to DynCorp International (DI) as Government Furnished Equipment (GFE). All vehicles are in satisfactory condition. The NAU and DI conduct an annual one hundred percent inventory review (or accounting) in accordance with established procedures.

NAS interdiction program managers provide vehicular support to Colombian counterparts with 24 sedans and 87 motorcycles.

CNP units outside of the DIRAN also received some vehicle support. These units provide periodic inventories and status reports to NAS program managers who work with the audit unit to resolve any problems.

Defense Articles

The NAS provided arms and ammunition to the CNP and COLAR. These items were monitored through access controls and inventories of USG-provided weaponry. The NAS Weapons Adviser monitors the use and operational status of donated weapons. The NAS staff performs regular inventories to ensure that all weapons are accounted for and provides detailed information on location, type of weapon, and condition.

There are strict controls over weapons provided to the CNP by the USG. The LOA specifically requires the host nation to notify the NAS immediately of any lost or damaged weapons and all investigations related to USP-provided weapons. CNP units that receive weapons support provide monthly inventories and status reports which are reviewed by NAS program managers.

NAU weapons and ammunition are issued and controlled by the INL/A contractor. NAS-funded ammunition provided to the PCHP is monitored and accounted for on a daily basis by U.S. contractors.

ARAVI received aircraft-mounted and small arms weapons, as well as weapons training, funded by security assistance programs. A total of 1.3 million dollars was spent on GAU-17A weapon spare and replacement parts. In 2006, two million rounds of 7.62 mm linked ammunition for GAU-17 miniguns and M-60 machine guns were provided to support eradication and interdiction missions. An FMS case has been established to procure 100% MIL-Spec ammunition, but has a lead tine of 2 years for delivery.

A total of 65 GAU-17/MK44 weapon systems have been upgraded. The M60D weapon system will be replaced by the M-240D gun system. The four (4) GAU-19 weapons were nationalized to the CNP and NAS support was withdrawn.

The strict controls over USG-provided Defense Articles extend to night vision goggles (NVG). Any unit that receives weapons or NVG support must prepare monthly inventories and status reports, which are reconciled by NAS program managers.

Communications Equipment

All NAS host nation, counterpart agencies that received communications equipment provided inventories and status reports upon request. Equipment includes two-way radios, portable satellite phones, digital hybrid IP PBX, radio C-5000, and VHS transmitter receivers. Comparison of NAS records with analysis of Colombian inventories showed no major discrepancies. The NAS employs a US PSC Communications Advisor who aides the CNP and other GOC entities in identifying requirements, conducting training, and monitoring program implementation. The advisor also works with host nation counterparts to develop a nation-wide strategy for regional and tactical communications support.

In CY-07, ARAVI operations received secure aircraft radios, cellular phones, and a new computerized aircraft tracking system. There are now secure communications between aircraft and ground units. All aircraft in flight are automatically monitored by a secure internet-based system that tracks location, speed, altitude, and alternate communications options in case of emergency.

The Andean Counterdrug Initiative and Special Investigative Unit program funding supports a wide variety of communications equipment such as interceptors, radios, and recorders in locations throughout Colombia. DEA agents work closely with the GOC units that receive this equipment to ensure proper use.

DI, the NAU Eradication and the PCHP program contractor have a section that manages all communications equipment used by DI in the two programs. All equipment is in satisfactory condition. The contractor issues equipment to personnel using hand receipts and conducts an annual one hundred percent inventory as stipulated in the contract.

The NAU Logistics and Facilities Section monitors the use of communications equipment assigned to the NAU Program Advisors. Equipment is tracked in the NAU property book, and accountability is enforced through an annual one hundred percent property inventory review and inspection process.

Computer Equipment

USG-provided computer equipment forms the backbone of systems for detecting, tracking, identifying, removing and/or detaining narco-terrorists in Colombia. NAS PSC advisors monitored USG-provided computer equipment used to maintain CNP ARAVI logistics, maintenance, training, and aircrew flight records. GOC recipients have provided inventories and status reports upon request. The NAS Management Section employs a computer programmer and two computer specialists who assist program staff and GOC counterparts with maintenance and technical support and aid in identifying requirements for new and upgraded systems and databases.

NAS computer equipment was inventoried as part of the annual inventory inspection. Lost, damaged, or destroyed items (LDD) were reported in accordance with State Department regulations and procedures. The NAS Audit unit oversaw the disposal of LDD items. DI has a separate IT section that manages all IT equipment DI uses in support of both the Eradication and PCHP programs. All IT equipment is in satisfactory condition. The contractor controls IT equipment issued to contract personnel using hand receipts and conducts an annual one hundred percent inventory as stipulated in the contract. The NAU Logistics and Facilities Section monitors the use of IT equipment assigned to NAU program advisers. NAU IT property is tracked in the NAU property book, and accountability is enforced through the annual one hundred percent property inventory and inspection.

NAS program managers supported Colombian counterparts with a variety of IT equipment including tactical rugged laptops, desktops, digital cameras, network switches, printers, and servers. The GOC units receiving computer support have provided the requested inventories and status reports.

Miscellaneous Equipment

ARAVI installed Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) at five fixed bases, completing full installation plans. Extensive repairs were made to systems damaged by operator error and lightning strikes. The Santa Maria Intrusion Detection Equipment (IDE) system control room and barracks fire detection system were damaged due to an authorized CNP connection. They are awaiting CNP National Funding to repair the systems.

NAU miscellaneous equipment was reconciled as part of the annual inventory inspection. LDD items were reported in accordance with State Department regulations and procedures. The NAS audit unit oversaw the disposal of LDD items.

INL funding channeled through DOJ provided digital cameras and video cameras to the Office of the Attorney General (Fiscalia) and law enforcement agencies throughout Colombia to enhance the effectiveness of investigations. The equipment is being properly maintained and in good condition.

Impact

Aerial Eradication Program

The Colombia Army Counterdrug Brigade (CD) provides three important services that support U.S. objectives in Colombia: protection of aerial eradication missions; drug interdiction missions; and occasional missions against high-value targets (HVTs).

For CY-07, the aerial eradication program set a goal of 160,000 hectares. As of December 11, 2007, they had sprayed nearly 151,000 hectares. The CD Brigade ground support secured 96,691 hectares during spray operations through mid December. In addition, as of December 11, the CD Brigade seized over 1.5 metric tons of coca paste, destroyed 35 HCL labs and 323 coca base labs, in addition to destroying 191,175 gallons of liquid precursors and 178,303 of solid precursors. Without NAS funding and support, the CD Brigade would not be able to maintain the level of readiness and professionalism needed for these critical missions, and the Brigade would not have seen such impressive results.

The ABD program has reduced considerably the number of illegal tracks from 50 a month to two per month. The location of the tracks has also changed significantly. At the beginning of the program, illegal tracks were seen throughout Colombia but now they are seen mostly at the border of Venezuela and near the Caribbean coast. The use of ABD aircraft in a maritime patrol role has been successful. Several illegal boats have been confiscated with a few tons of cocaine and supplies.

Vehicles

U.S. vehicle support to Colombia is a proven force multiplier, increasing the mobility of counternarcotics units. Most counternarcotics units operate in remote rural areas without paved roads. The trucks give the Colombians the means to mobilize rapidly against terrorist elements. They can now locate, close in on, fire on, and outmaneuver the enemy. Continued U.S. support is crucial to increasing the units' success against the narcoterrorist organizations. Just one significant example is the donation of NAS-purchased sedans and motorcycles for Intel purposes.

ARAVI

CY-2007 was another record year for eradication of illicit crops in Colombia. ARAVI aircraft and crews continued to play a significant role in providing support for spray operations. T-65 operations are wholly supported by ARAVI gun ships and Search and Rescue (SAR) helicopters. All other spray operations, using AT-802 and OV-10 aircraft, have CNP copilots and gunners. CNP "Halcon" gunships provide additional cover. They were instrumental in rescuing the crew of a downed eradication helicopter. AVARI participated in security support operations for Colombian congressional and presidential elections and continued to play a role in numerous interdiction operations. ARAVI provides aerial intelligence platforms and, with Embassy approval, supports other police units when assets are available.

Aircraft Support

The benefit of U.S. funded air support in Colombia cannot be overstated. Given the size and geographic diversity of Colombia, air support is essential to CNP efforts. In CY-2007, the aerial eradication program sprayed 160,000 hectares (gross, unadjusted)

Under the aerial monitoring provided by the ABD program, the number of illegal tracks was reduced to nearly half the number compared to the outset of the ABD program. The location of tracks has also changed significantly. At the beginning of the program, illegal tracks were found throughout Colombia, but are now confined primarily to northern areas on the Venezuelan border and near the Caribbean coast.

DOJ Programs

INL funding for DOJ programs is key component of the total support to the Fiscalia and GOC law enforcement agencies of Colombia. Equipment donations, training efforts, unit development, and on-site technical assistance all increase GOC abilities to investigate and prosecute crime.

Environmental Programs

The NAS Environmental Program's support to the CNP ranges all the way from air resources, equipment, and smoke grenades to such basic items as lodging and meals for verification teams or Colombian environmental compliance personnel in the field, thus ensuring that missions comply with the Environmental Management Plan. Environmental compliance is crucial to continued government and public support of the aerial eradication program.

In 2007, the NAS and the CNP completed two verification trips, five monitoring and 14 damage claims trips.

The CNP Pijaos experimental plot received NAS-funded equipment and infrastructure support in CY-06 and now has a functioning 2,000 plant coca plot. Under the oversight of the NAS eradication policy adviser, the experimental plot is used to conduct tests on glyphosate mixtures, to measure the timing and effectiveness of aerial spraying, and to evaluate the efficacy of pruning and replanting efforts by local growers. All the data obtained from these experiments will serve as important indicators in evaluating the overall success of the eradication program.

Explosives Equipment

By establishing new standards, training, and protocols, the ATF Explosives Program directly supported the creation of 74 explosives units around the country, 62 bomb squads, and 12 explosive investigative units, all of which have proven very effective in combating terrorism. Since the start of the ATF Explosives Program in CY-02, the fatalities among bomb technicians during "render safe" procedures dropped substantially. From six fatalities in 2002, the rate dropped to zero facilities in CY-03 and CY-04. There was only one fatality in CY-05 and CY-06. There were no fatalities in 2007.

Communications Equipment

The NAS USPSC Communications Adviser supports the CNP and other GOC entities in identifying requirements, conducting training, and monitoring program implementation. Communications support enabled Colombian counterparts to improve command and control performance both at the tactical level and at the national level. Satellite iridium phones and ICOM, Inc. air-to-ground radios enabled the man on the ground to communicate with aircraft and gave ground commanders nationwide communications, which is especially important in the jungle.

Computers and network devices donated to Colombian units allowed the establishment of limited expanded data networks, facilitating the timely movement of critical information.

Reentry into Society Program

NAS assistance to GOC ministries under the Reentry Into Society Program (RIS) for demobilized combatants had a noticeable impact. Valuable intelligence for deserters prevented terrorist actions, aided criminal prosecutions in Colombia and the United States and led to the discovery and seizure of weapons, explosives, drugs, and other illegal material.

PSP Programs

All GOC counterpart agencies have responded favorably to the entire range of Presidential Security Program (PSP) support, advice, training, and equipment. This includes on-the-spot advice on protection operations and security assessments, formal training for all protection personnel, and provision of security-related equipment. The Vice President of Colombia stated in December of 2007 that without the PSP, neither he nor President Uribe would likely be alive today. Funding for this PSP program expires in September 2008. The program will be phased out by the end of the fiscal year.

Problems

Communications Equipment

All aircraft except for the Bell-212 fleet have secure communication capability. The Bell-212 aircraft wiring and cockpit reengineering is underway. The project has completed five aircraft with secure communications capability and at the conclusion of the rewiring project, the remaining six aircraft will have the secure communications capability. Repair of extensive corrosion and previously unreported operator damages will be completed in 2009.

Vehicles

Funding constraints make it increasingly difficult to procure new and replacement vehicles for counterpart agencies. A significant number of donated vehicles date as far back as 1998 and are at the end of their useful life, especially considering that operations are mostly in remote areas with harsh terrain. Maintenance costs for aging vehicles are increasing rapidly, and many vehicles are no longer cost effective to keep in the inventory. The NAS needs to assist counternarcotics units annually to replace a percentage of decaying fleet. Funding limits have prevented the NAS and DEA from donating more than a token number of vehicles to recently established counternarcotics units.

Vehicle control procedures have been set to prevent any abuse or misuse by doing more inspections and requesting the status of the vehicles periodically.

Miscellaneous Equipment

The ATF program encountered only a few problems with transfer or inventory provided to the CNP, DAS, CTI bomb squads and explosive investigative units.

The NAS and other agencies note that some CNP, DAS, and CTI units fail to buy their own supplies, such as copier, toner, or neglect to maintain equipment. However, overall cooperation is very good and institutional support for our agencies is high.

Reviews of illegal traffic showed the need for forward deployment of ABD trackers and Colombian Air Force interceptors. Budget cuts prevent funding of additional ABD facilities. COLAF is proceeding with short-term deployment of interceptors and trackers. Post has refurbished three trailers to serve as temporary lodging and maintenance facilities for forward deployments. The transition of the two COLAF C-26 aircraft to a tracker role failed because DOD installed F-16 first generation radar in the aircraft, for which no parts are available. Interception radars were replaced by weather radars and the two aircraft will be used mostly in reconnaissance or maritime patrol roles.

Fuel

The NAS detected abuse/misuse of maintenance and fuel at CNP/DIRAN unit which was addressed directly to the CNP Director who took immediate action with the commander of the unit to fix the problem. The NAS withdrew the fuel and maintenance support to that unit.

Program Changes

Under the ATF support program, the first four phases of the Explosives Program are complete: Phase I-creation of bomb squads; Phase II-equipment purchases; Phase III-training on equipment; and Phase IV-establish operational protocols. In CY-07, ATF met the Phase V goal of continued training. NAS and ATF will review the timeline for the final ATF goal of enabling each GOC agency to become self-sufficient in explosives programs.

Document: 2007 End-Use Monitoring Report

Program: International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement

Procedures

Consultations with counterparts

The NAS held regular working meetings with Government of Colombia (GOC) counterparts to discuss operations and the status of USG provided assets. The three entities which receive the bulk of INL-provided resources are the CNP Antinarcotics Directorate (DIRAN), its aviation wing (ARAVI), and the Colombian Army (COLAR). Among those counterparts were the Colombian National Police (CNP) Anti-Narcotics Division (DIRAN), its aviation component (ARAVI), and the Colombian Army Aviation Unit (COLAR). The NAS obtained selected GOC inventories of USG-provided equipment to compare with NAS records, ensuring donated materials were accounted for properly. During 2007, the EUM coordinator along with the CNP Cooperation International performed joint site visits to 36 EMCAR squadrons around Colombia to check commodities against inventory and purchase documents from NAS and the CNP.

NAS Program Manager Responsibilities

Each NAS Program Manager, in coordination with the NAS EUM, is responsible for the reviews of support provided to the program he/she oversees. The NAS tailors the technology and methods for tracking support to the size and scope of each program, ranging from simple hand receipts to spreadsheets to bar-coding and electronic databases. American Direct Hire (USDH) and American contract (USPSC) personnel are responsible for contributing to the annual report, using the results of site visits and inventory checks. USG-provided equipment managed by contractors is also covered by the EUM process.

NAS Bogota EUM Resources

The NAS Management Section has an EUM Coordinator and EQ Reporting Officers who assists program staff with the EUM program, supported by the NAS Audit Unit. The EUM Coordinator implemented updated monitoring procedures, carried out inventory checks and audits, and oversaw the disposal of surplus and hazardous materials. The EUM coordinator also confirmed and evaluated the methods used to check the inventory at different locations throughout Colombia.

CNP ARAVI

Non-expendable assets provided to CNP ARAVI which require monitoring includes aircraft, vehicles, weapons, computers, construction intrusion detection equipment, and communications equipment. Expendable resources provided to ARAVI, includes fuels, oils, lubricants, and ammunition. The Lockheed-Martin Company (LM) supported aircraft maintenance under a contract with INL.

NAS Aviation Unit

The NAS Aviation Unit (NAU) met its annual EUM requirements, verifying the location and condition of 2,056,274 accountable property items valued at $40,929,923.94. The EUM task included reviewing NAU property book items, DynCorp International (DI) property book, and field visits. Both DynCorp and the NAU have completed their 100% annual inventory. The Department of State INL Property Book Officer visited Colombia in November to verify DynCorp's property management procedures. He did not identify any major discrepancies with the DynCorp or NAU management procedures.

Institutional Contractor Support

NAS has a total of 1,347 personnel including USDH and USPSC staff; American, Colombian, and third country national contract personnel employed under contracts with LM; Contracting, Consulting, Engineering (CCE); Dyncorp (DI); Aeronautical Radio, Inc. (ARINC); and Olgoonik Logistics LLC. These institutional contractors are an integral part of the NAS programs and actively participate in monitoring the use of USG-provided equipment, conducting inventories and preparing status reports on program assets.

NAS Assistance to Other USG Agencies

NAS assistance to the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) for counternarcotics (CN) programs covers support to such GOC agencies such as the Colombian Department of Administrative Security (DAS), Judicial Police Directorate (DIJIN), Antinarcotics Intelligence Unit (ANTIN), Special Investigation, the Colombian Navy (COLNAV) Intelligence Unit, and the Colombian Air Force (COLAF) Intelligence Unit.

Along with the NAS, DEA, Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF); Immigration Customs Enforcement (ICE)Units (SIU), Presidential Security Program (PSP); and the Justice Sector Reform Program (JSRP); all maintain databases of equipment donated to their counterpart agencies. Those databases identify items by brand, model, serial number, location, and condition. All agencies conducted random unscheduled visits to ensure that all USG-funded assets were accounted for and being used for their intended purposes.

Status

Aircraft

The Colombian National Police (CNP) Eradication Program and Colombian Army (COLAR) Aviation Program, both managed by the NAS Aviation Unit (NAU) and supported by a contract with DynCorp, were major recipients of INL-funded support. NAS Bogota and the INL Air Wing (INL/A) conducted regular program reviews to ensure that aircraft were being used for their designated purposes and that the contractor was complying with all contract support requirements. There are currently 188 aircraft for all programs.

While the GOC has operational control of USG-provided aircraft, the USG retains title. The Letter of Agreement (LOA) specifies the authorized use for all aircraft. Any other use, such as disaster relief or humanitarian operations, must be approved by the Embassy. The CNP and COLAR provide regular status reports to the NAS. The NAS conducts random reviews of flight logs for all USG-supported aircraft.

ERADICATION PROGRAM

Helicopters

Fixed wing

10 UH-1N's

Two T-65's

Ten AT-802's

Seven OV-10's

Four C-27's

Two C-208's

COLAR Helicopters

Twenty-two UH-1N

Twenty-one UH-1N II

Five K-1200 Thirteen UH-60L

One Foreign Service program manager, five Personal Services Contract advisors, four locally engaged staff, as well as four additional contract staff working for the embassy and several contractor personnel from Lockheed Martin (LM) and CCE all participated in monitoring ARAVI assets. The NAS held regular meetings with ARAVI and DIRAN administrative operations, and intelligence officials to discuss the status of USG-provided assets.

The NAS compared CNP and other GOC written and computerized data with its own records to assess the proper use of resources. Seven NAS LES voucher examiners analyzed purchase documents for CN items purchased through USG-funded accounts. NAS personnel worked closely with the CNP inventory team. All AVARI equipment and armaments are recorded in the Advanced Maintenance Management System (AMMS) database.

NAS advisers received daily aircraft status reports, engine repair reports, and procurement status updates, focusing particularly on aircraft-on-the ground (AOG) issues. Two NAS locally contracted Colombian fuel advisers monitored purchases, deliveries, and use of NAS-purchased fuel at all bases and airports. The NAS Audit Section completed an audit of fuel records on September 2007.

The USG-supported CNP fleet flew 20,905 hours in CY-2007. The CNP complied with the requirements to seek Embassy authorization when using assets for non-counternarcotics missions, e.g., counter insurgency operations, high value targets, or the evacuation of wounded security services personnel.

The ARAVI aircraft inventory changed during CY-07 for a variety of reasons:

On July 14, a NAS-supported UH-1H II, titled to the USG and operated by the CNP crashed during a maintenance test flight mission and was a complete loss. There was one fatality.

On October 2, a NAS-supported UH-1H II titled to the USG and operated by the CNP crashed during a training mission and was a complete loss. There were no fatalities.

In April, four (4) UH-1H-II helicopters were added to the fleet.

ARAVI Aircraft

Helicopters

Fixed wing

One H530FF

Two DHC6-300's

One H500

One C-99

Three 206B's

Five DC-3's

One 206L

One C-208's

One 206L3's

Two C-26A's

Eleven B212's

Four C-26B's

Seven UH-60L's

Three C-152's

Thirty-three Huey II's

The Air Bridge Denial (ABD) Program-The ABD manages five Citation 560 tracker aircraft loaned to the Colombian Air Force (COLAF), two SR-26 reconnaissance aircraft which were delivered to the COLAF after upgrading of reconnaissance equipment, and one Cessna 182 support aircraft to suppress illicit aerial traffic in narcotics drugs and psychotropic substances over Colombia. Both SR-26s were given by the USG to COLAF in 1998 under the 506 drawdown program. Aircrews are provided by the COLAF. Aircraft maintenance and safety monitors are provided by the USG through a contract with ARINC Engineering Services. Oversight is provided through a program manager at the NAS.

AIR BRIDGE DENIAL

Five Citation 560's

One Cessna 182

Two C-26's

Aviation Fuel

NAS program funds provided jet fuel, aviation gasoline, and methanol (fuel additive for C-26 aircraft) for all NAS-supported aircraft. During 2007, the CNP fuel office delivered fuel to over 30 eradication and interdiction missions totaling approximately 6,304 flight hours throughout Colombia. The NAS supplied 2,997,041 gallons of A1 jet fuel, aviation gasoline, and methanol to the aircraft programs valued at $9,039,166. as of October 31, 2007.

The NAS also supplied 44,319 gallons of regular gasoline and 10,017 gallons of diesel fuel to CNP vehicles with a total value of $147,155.00.

The NAS installed fuel recuperation tanks at three semi-fixed sites. Four additional portable fuel recuperation tanks have been locally fabricated for deployed sites for recycling drained fuel. Recycling drained fuel should result in annual savings of $34,000. Waste fuel and oil is very difficult to dispose of locally. Local fuel companies do not always adhere to environmental laws for disposal. Environmentally safe fuel burners have been installed at five fixed sites to burn accumulated waste fuel and oils.

The NAS provided equipment to the CNP to establish an in-house capacity for a fuel equipment calibration program. The testing laboratory and staff training should was completed in August 2007.

Construction

The NAS construction unit was staffed in 2007 by three architects and one civil engineer. The unit manages all phases of NAS-funded construction projects including contract administration and advice to GOC on projects requirements and maintenance issues. Under the EUM program, NAS construction unit staff conducted site visits to ensure that U.S. funded facilities were being used for their intended purposes.

The CY-2007 construction program is vastly reduced in scope compared to the Plan Colombia peak between CY-2002 and CY-2005. The NAS nonetheless conducted an active program of 22 small projects throughout Colombia valued at $3,660.065.

In 2007, the NAS supported construction of the Plan Colombian Helicopter Program (PCHP) at the COLAR base in Tolemaida including heliports, containers, soil studies, repair shops for UH-60 helicopters, waiting room for C-27 passengers, and fuel tanks, as well as classrooms, offices and sanitary rooms at the Air Force Base at Melgar.

For the CNP/Interdiction and Eradication program at the CNP bases in Apartado, Santa Marta, Tres Esquinas, Tumaco, Tulua, and Bogota including communication rooms and towers, there were security improvements, contention areas, furniture, runway improvements and repairs, maintenance and repair of communication towers, and an emergency generator.

The Carabineros program provided support at the Carabineros base at Pijaos and at Bogota, including soil samples and construction for an underground water well, upgrades of the NVG laboratory, bathrooms, and for the Carabineros bases at Guateque, La Uribe, and Piamonte police base construction (barracks, office, diner, and guarding post).

At the Forward Operating Base (FOB) in Larandia, security improvements included an upgraded weaponry bunker and repairs of the runway.

In the remote Vichada department in Cumaribo, the NAS completed runway repairs and barracks/quarters upgrades to ensure safe and sanitary conditions for eradication missions during CY-2007.

In Bogota, the Presidential Security Program installed a closed circuit camera system at El Palacio de Nario.

Vehicles

INL provides funds for vehicles which the NAS in turn distributes to a variety of NAS and Department of Justice (DOJ) programs which manage counternarcotics support to host country agencies. In CY-2007, the vehicles went to host country agencies as follows: four (4) to NAU COLAR and Eradication, fifteen (15) to Overseas Prosecutorial Development Assistance and Training (OPDAT), ten (10) to NAS CNP OPS, and one hundred twenty (120) to NAS CNP Interdiction. All 154 vehicles added in CY-2007 are in good condition.

Type

QTY

Minivans

1

Vans

16

Tractor

3

Automobiles

61

Trucks

99

Taxis

7

Armored SUVs Level 3

5

Armored SUV's Level 5

20

Pickup Trucks

153

Golf Cart

1

Motorcycles

267

Watercraft

5

SUVs

26

Gators

5

Total

669

In CY-2007, the NAS provided 182 CNP DIRAN vehicles with fuel and routine maintenance. The vehicles are dispersed throughout Colombia and used in CNP counternarcotics operations including activities such as transporting officials and operational personnel to interdiction and eradication sites; transferring program materials; performing surveillance; pursuing arrests; and detailing members of narcoterrorist and illegally armed groups.

NAS oversight of the CNP vehicles and fuels program is direct and extensive. An automotive engineer who serves as a Vehicle Maintenance Adviser monitors vehicle use and vehicle location, and operates a database that documents maintenance, performance and fuel consumption. The advisor also provides CNP personnel with basic training in safety, maintenance, recordkeeping and establishes in-house CNP vehicle support capability since the support for these vehicles came to an end December 31, 2007.

Type

QTY

Ambulance

2

Automobile

8

Pickups

68

SUVs

18

Light truck

26

Vans

10

Bus

6

4x4

6

Fork lift

2

Motorcycle

29

Tank truck

6

Total

82

The NAS manages a motor pool and provides oversight for all vehicles assigned to DynCorp International (DI) as Government Furnished Equipment (GFE). All vehicles are in satisfactory condition. The NAU and DI conduct an annual one hundred percent inventory review (or accounting) in accordance with established procedures.

NAS interdiction program managers provide vehicular support to Colombian counterparts with 24 sedans and 87 motorcycles.

CNP units outside of the DIRAN also received some vehicle support. These units provide periodic inventories and status reports to NAS program managers who work with the audit unit to resolve any problems.

Defense Articles

The NAS provided arms and ammunition to the CNP and COLAR. These items were monitored through access controls and inventories of USG-provided weaponry. The NAS Weapons Adviser monitors the use and operational status of donated weapons. The NAS staff performs regular inventories to ensure that all weapons are accounted for and provides detailed information on location, type of weapon, and condition.

There are strict controls over weapons provided to the CNP by the USG. The LOA specifically requires the host nation to notify the NAS immediately of any lost or damaged weapons and all investigations related to USP-provided weapons. CNP units that receive weapons support provide monthly inventories and status reports which are reviewed by NAS program managers.

NAU weapons and ammunition are issued and controlled by the INL/A contractor. NAS-funded ammunition provided to the PCHP is monitored and accounted for on a daily basis by U.S. contractors.

ARAVI received aircraft-mounted and small arms weapons, as well as weapons training, funded by security assistance programs. A total of 1.3 million dollars was spent on GAU-17A weapon spare and replacement parts. In 2006, two million rounds of 7.62 mm linked ammunition for GAU-17 miniguns and M-60 machine guns were provided to support eradication and interdiction missions. An FMS case has been established to procure 100% MIL-Spec ammunition, but has a lead tine of 2 years for delivery.

A total of 65 GAU-17/MK44 weapon systems have been upgraded. The M60D weapon system will be replaced by the M-240D gun system. The four (4) GAU-19 weapons were nationalized to the CNP and NAS support was withdrawn.

The strict controls over USG-provided Defense Articles extend to night vision goggles (NVG). Any unit that receives weapons or NVG support must prepare monthly inventories and status reports, which are reconciled by NAS program managers.

Communications Equipment

All NAS host nation, counterpart agencies that received communications equipment provided inventories and status reports upon request. Equipment includes two-way radios, portable satellite phones, digital hybrid IP PBX, radio C-5000, and VHS transmitter receivers. Comparison of NAS records with analysis of Colombian inventories showed no major discrepancies. The NAS employs a US PSC Communications Advisor who aides the CNP and other GOC entities in identifying requirements, conducting training, and monitoring program implementation. The advisor also works with host nation counterparts to develop a nation-wide strategy for regional and tactical communications support.

In CY-07, ARAVI operations received secure aircraft radios, cellular phones, and a new computerized aircraft tracking system. There are now secure communications between aircraft and ground units. All aircraft in flight are automatically monitored by a secure internet-based system that tracks location, speed, altitude, and alternate communications options in case of emergency.

The Andean Counterdrug Initiative and Special Investigative Unit program funding supports a wide variety of communications equipment such as interceptors, radios, and recorders in locations throughout Colombia. DEA agents work closely with the GOC units that receive this equipment to ensure proper use.

DI, the NAU Eradication and the PCHP program contractor have a section that manages all communications equipment used by DI in the two programs. All equipment is in satisfactory condition. The contractor issues equipment to personnel using hand receipts and conducts an annual one hundred percent inventory as stipulated in the contract.

The NAU Logistics and Facilities Section monitors the use of communications equipment assigned to the NAU Program Advisors. Equipment is tracked in the NAU property book, and accountability is enforced through an annual one hundred percent property inventory review and inspection process.

Computer Equipment

USG-provided computer equipment forms the backbone of systems for detecting, tracking, identifying, removing and/or detaining narco-terrorists in Colombia. NAS PSC advisors monitored USG-provided computer equipment used to maintain CNP ARAVI logistics, maintenance, training, and aircrew flight records. GOC recipients have provided inventories and status reports upon request. The NAS Management Section employs a computer programmer and two computer specialists who assist program staff and GOC counterparts with maintenance and technical support and aid in identifying requirements for new and upgraded systems and databases.

NAS computer equipment was inventoried as part of the annual inventory inspection. Lost, damaged, or destroyed items (LDD) were reported in accordance with State Department regulations and procedures. The NAS Audit unit oversaw the disposal of LDD items. DI has a separate IT section that manages all IT equipment DI uses in support of both the Eradication and PCHP programs. All IT equipment is in satisfactory condition. The contractor controls IT equipment issued to contract personnel using hand receipts and conducts an annual one hundred percent inventory as stipulated in the contract. The NAU Logistics and Facilities Section monitors the use of IT equipment assigned to NAU program advisers. NAU IT property is tracked in the NAU property book, and accountability is enforced through the annual one hundred percent property inventory and inspection.

NAS program managers supported Colombian counterparts with a variety of IT equipment including tactical rugged laptops, desktops, digital cameras, network switches, printers, and servers. The GOC units receiving computer support have provided the requested inventories and status reports.

Miscellaneous Equipment

ARAVI installed Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) at five fixed bases, completing full installation plans. Extensive repairs were made to systems damaged by operator error and lightning strikes. The Santa Maria Intrusion Detection Equipment (IDE) system control room and barracks fire detection system were damaged due to an authorized CNP connection. They are awaiting CNP National Funding to repair the systems.

NAU miscellaneous equipment was reconciled as part of the annual inventory inspection. LDD items were reported in accordance with State Department regulations and procedures. The NAS audit unit oversaw the disposal of LDD items.

INL funding channeled through DOJ provided digital cameras and video cameras to the Office of the Attorney General (Fiscalia) and law enforcement agencies throughout Colombia to enhance the effectiveness of investigations. The equipment is being properly maintained and in good condition.

Impact

Aerial Eradication Program

The Colombia Army Counterdrug Brigade (CD) provides three important services that support U.S. objectives in Colombia: protection of aerial eradication missions; drug interdiction missions; and occasional missions against high-value targets (HVTs).

For CY-07, the aerial eradication program set a goal of 160,000 hectares. As of December 11, 2007, they had sprayed nearly 151,000 hectares. The CD Brigade ground support secured 96,691 hectares during spray operations through mid December. In addition, as of December 11, the CD Brigade seized over 1.5 metric tons of coca paste, destroyed 35 HCL labs and 323 coca base labs, in addition to destroying 191,175 gallons of liquid precursors and 178,303 of solid precursors. Without NAS funding and support, the CD Brigade would not be able to maintain the level of readiness and professionalism needed for these critical missions, and the Brigade would not have seen such impressive results.

The ABD program has reduced considerably the number of illegal tracks from 50 a month to two per month. The location of the tracks has also changed significantly. At the beginning of the program, illegal tracks were seen throughout Colombia but now they are seen mostly at the border of Venezuela and near the Caribbean coast. The use of ABD aircraft in a maritime patrol role has been successful. Several illegal boats have been confiscated with a few tons of cocaine and supplies.

Vehicles

U.S. vehicle support to Colombia is a proven force multiplier, increasing the mobility of counternarcotics units. Most counternarcotics units operate in remote rural areas without paved roads. The trucks give the Colombians the means to mobilize rapidly against terrorist elements. They can now locate, close in on, fire on, and outmaneuver the enemy. Continued U.S. support is crucial to increasing the units' success against the narcoterrorist organizations. Just one significant example is the donation of NAS-purchased sedans and motorcycles for Intel purposes.

ARAVI

CY-2007 was another record year for eradication of illicit crops in Colombia. ARAVI aircraft and crews continued to play a significant role in providing support for spray operations. T-65 operations are wholly supported by ARAVI gun ships and Search and Rescue (SAR) helicopters. All other spray operations, using AT-802 and OV-10 aircraft, have CNP copilots and gunners. CNP "Halcon" gunships provide additional cover. They were instrumental in rescuing the crew of a downed eradication helicopter. AVARI participated in security support operations for Colombian congressional and presidential elections and continued to play a role in numerous interdiction operations. ARAVI provides aerial intelligence platforms and, with Embassy approval, supports other police units when assets are available.

Aircraft Support

The benefit of U.S. funded air support in Colombia cannot be overstated. Given the size and geographic diversity of Colombia, air support is essential to CNP efforts. In CY-2007, the aerial eradication program sprayed 160,000 hectares (gross, unadjusted)

Under the aerial monitoring provided by the ABD program, the number of illegal tracks was reduced to nearly half the number compared to the outset of the ABD program. The location of tracks has also changed significantly. At the beginning of the program, illegal tracks were found throughout Colombia, but are now confined primarily to northern areas on the Venezuelan border and near the Caribbean coast.

DOJ Programs

INL funding for DOJ programs is key component of the total support to the Fiscalia and GOC law enforcement agencies of Colombia. Equipment donations, training efforts, unit development, and on-site technical assistance all increase GOC abilities to investigate and prosecute crime.

Environmental Programs

The NAS Environmental Program's support to the CNP ranges all the way from air resources, equipment, and smoke grenades to such basic items as lodging and meals for verification teams or Colombian environmental compliance personnel in the field, thus ensuring that missions comply with the Environmental Management Plan. Environmental compliance is crucial to continued government and public support of the aerial eradication program.

In 2007, the NAS and the CNP completed two verification trips, five monitoring and 14 damage claims trips.

The CNP Pijaos experimental plot received NAS-funded equipment and infrastructure support in CY-06 and now has a functioning 2,000 plant coca plot. Under the oversight of the NAS eradication policy adviser, the experimental plot is used to conduct tests on glyphosate mixtures, to measure the timing and effectiveness of aerial spraying, and to evaluate the efficacy of pruning and replanting efforts by local growers. All the data obtained from these experiments will serve as important indicators in evaluating the overall success of the eradication program.

Explosives Equipment

By establishing new standards, training, and protocols, the ATF Explosives Program directly supported the creation of 74 explosives units around the country, 62 bomb squads, and 12 explosive investigative units, all of which have proven very effective in combating terrorism. Since the start of the ATF Explosives Program in CY-02, the fatalities among bomb technicians during "render safe" procedures dropped substantially. From six fatalities in 2002, the rate dropped to zero facilities in CY-03 and CY-04. There was only one fatality in CY-05 and CY-06. There were no fatalities in 2007.

Communications Equipment

The NAS USPSC Communications Adviser supports the CNP and other GOC entities in identifying requirements, conducting training, and monitoring program implementation. Communications support enabled Colombian counterparts to improve command and control performance both at the tactical level and at the national level. Satellite iridium phones and ICOM, Inc. air-to-ground radios enabled the man on the ground to communicate with aircraft and gave ground commanders nationwide communications, which is especially important in the jungle.

Computers and network devices donated to Colombian units allowed the establishment of limited expanded data networks, facilitating the timely movement of critical information.

Reentry into Society Program

NAS assistance to GOC ministries under the Reentry Into Society Program (RIS) for demobilized combatants had a noticeable impact. Valuable intelligence for deserters prevented terrorist actions, aided criminal prosecutions in Colombia and the United States and led to the discovery and seizure of weapons, explosives, drugs, and other illegal material.

PSP Programs

All GOC counterpart agencies have responded favorably to the entire range of Presidential Security Program (PSP) support, advice, training, and equipment. This includes on-the-spot advice on protection operations and security assessments, formal training for all protection personnel, and provision of security-related equipment. The Vice President of Colombia stated in December of 2007 that without the PSP, neither he nor President Uribe would likely be alive today. Funding for this PSP program expires in September 2008. The program will be phased out by the end of the fiscal year.

Problems

Communications Equipment

All aircraft except for the Bell-212 fleet have secure communication capability. The Bell-212 aircraft wiring and cockpit reengineering is underway. The project has completed five aircraft with secure communications capability and at the conclusion of the rewiring project, the remaining six aircraft will have the secure communications capability. Repair of extensive corrosion and previously unreported operator damages will be completed in 2009.

Vehicles

Funding constraints make it increasingly difficult to procure new and replacement vehicles for counterpart agencies. A significant number of donated vehicles date as far back as 1998 and are at the end of their useful life, especially considering that operations are mostly in remote areas with harsh terrain. Maintenance costs for aging vehicles are increasing rapidly, and many vehicles are no longer cost effective to keep in the inventory. The NAS needs to assist counternarcotics units annually to replace a percentage of decaying fleet. Funding limits have prevented the NAS and DEA from donating more than a token number of vehicles to recently established counternarcotics units.

Vehicle control procedures have been set to prevent any abuse or misuse by doing more inspections and requesting the status of the vehicles periodically.

Miscellaneous Equipment

The ATF program encountered only a few problems with transfer or inventory provided to the CNP, DAS, CTI bomb squads and explosive investigative units.

The NAS and other agencies note that some CNP, DAS, and CTI units fail to buy their own supplies, such as copier, toner, or neglect to maintain equipment. However, overall cooperation is very good and institutional support for our agencies is high.

Reviews of illegal traffic showed the need for forward deployment of ABD trackers and Colombian Air Force interceptors. Budget cuts prevent funding of additional ABD facilities. COLAF is proceeding with short-term deployment of interceptors and trackers. Post has refurbished three trailers to serve as temporary lodging and maintenance facilities for forward deployments. The transition of the two COLAF C-26 aircraft to a tracker role failed because DOD installed F-16 first generation radar in the aircraft, for which no parts are available. Interception radars were replaced by weather radars and the two aircraft will be used mostly in reconnaissance or maritime patrol roles.

Fuel

The NAS detected abuse/misuse of maintenance and fuel at CNP/DIRAN unit which was addressed directly to the CNP Director who took immediate action with the commander of the unit to fix the problem. The NAS withdrew the fuel and maintenance support to that unit.

Program Changes

Under the ATF support program, the first four phases of the Explosives Program are complete: Phase I-creation of bomb squads; Phase II-equipment purchases; Phase III-training on equipment; and Phase IV-establish operational protocols. In CY-07, ATF met the Phase V goal of continued training. NAS and ATF will review the timeline for the final ATF goal of enabling each GOC agency to become self-sufficient in explosives programs.

Document: Opening Ceremony Kicks Off FA PANAMAX 2009

Program: Exercises

More than 4,500 personnel from 20 countries began a 12-day exercise here Friday to train in a joint, multinational effort to ensure the security of the Panama Canal.

FA PANAMAX 2009 is one of the largest multinational training exercises in the world, and is taking place in the waters off the coasts of Panama from Sept. 11-22 with the participation of civil and military forces.

More than 20 vessels and a dozen aircraft are involved in the exercises. Participants are focusing on a variety of responses to any request from the Government of Panama to protect and guarantee safe passage of traffic through the Panama Canal, ensure its neutrality, and respect national sovereignty. Simulated ground forces are also participating at Fort Sam Houston in San Antonio, Texas.

The FA PANAMAX 2009 exercise scenario includes sea-based training devoted to maritime interdiction operations, including visit, boarding, search and seizure. Virtual land-based training in San Antonio, Texas, will focus on command and control, stability operations, humanitarian assistance and disaster-relief operations.

FA PANAMAX 2009 participating nations include: Argentina, Belize, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, United States and Uruguay. France and Mexico are scheduled to participate as observers. The Conference of Central American Armies, the Organization of American States and the United Nations will also participate.

Document: 'Beyond the Horizon' Humanitarian Mission Underway in Colombia

Program: Humanitarian and Civic Assistance

At the invitation of the Colombian government, distinguished visitors from Colombia and the U.S., community leaders and members of the U.S. and Colombian military gathered at an opening ceremony in Cartagena to kick off the humanitarian civic assistance mission Beyond the Horizon (BTH) on July 8.
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Beyond the Horizon is an operation in support of the U.S. Southern Command initiative called Partnership for the Americas Collaboration and Coordination Element (PACCE). It offers opportunities for the U.S. military to work with members of the Colombian military to improve interoperability in order to promote trust and foster willingness for continued collaboration and teamwork.
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During the month-long operation, units under the direction of U.S. Army South will conduct six renovation projects and medical readiness training exercises (MEDRETEs). The MEDRETEs will be conducted at the Omaira Sanchez community center, while the engineering projects will take place at the elementary school, Hogar Infantil La Candelaria.
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In addition to providing humanitarian assistance, BTH also provides valuable opportunities for U.S. medical and engineering personnel to learn from and train with Colombian experts. This experience contributes to the ability of the U.S. military to respond rapidly in support of relief efforts anywhere in the world.